Estimación de heterosis para diferentes características agronómicas en maíz bajo temporal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59741/agraria.v10i1.195Keywords:
yield, yield components, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, variabilityAbstract
In this investigation genetic resources were selected from different gene pools and 500 individual plants were selfed and the S1 lines were evaluated in two localities and finally 12 parents were selected based on grain yield, drought index and flowering interval index. These 12 parents were crossed according to Griffing (1956) method II model I and 66 direct hybrids were obtained. Eighty one populations (12 parents, 66 hybrids and 3 checks) were evaluated under dryland conditions with an objective of studying variability and to estimate heterosis for different agronomic characters.
The analysis of variance indicated significant differences for the following characters: number of rows with grains, number of grains per row, 1000 seed weight, days to flower, height to cob and plant height. The range of heterosis, heterobeltiosis and heterosis util were -17.94 to 48.78; -25.84 to 29.16 and -13.83 to 50.86% respectively. The hybrids 5 x 9, 6x11, 4 x 5 and 2 x 4 manifested maximum percentage of heterosis over their corresponding better parent. The hybrids 1 x 4, 1 x 2, 3 x 9 and 9 x 10 for cobs per plant; 4 x 10, 8 x 9 and 2 x 4 for grains per row and 5 x 9, 9 x 12 and 9 x 10 for grain weight were excelled over their better parent.
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