Acolchado y fertilización del manzano en Arteaga, Coahuila
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59741/agraria.v10i1.207Keywords:
Nitrógeno, Fósforo, PotasioAbstract
The effect of different rates of organic mulch and nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers was studied in Golden Delicious apple trees at Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila. There were 17 treatments obtained from the combination of four nitrogen fertilizer rates (200, 400, 600 y 800 kg of N/tree), four of phosphate (80, 160, 240 y 320 g P2O5/tree) and two of potassium (300 y 500 g de K2O/tree) plus four straw mulch rates (0, 4, 8 y 12 kg of maize crop residues/tree); it was included a control without fertilization or mulch.
Shoot growth was higher as the rate of nitrogen fertilizer increased, but the trunk growth in diameter was not affected by the treatments, in the first year of study.
Nitrogen, Ca and Mg leaf concentrations were higher than the suficiency levels, but those of P and K were lower than the suficiency levels.
There were no significant effects in fruit production in this cycle, however there were significative effects in fruit firmness and soluble solids content. The lower firmness values were found at the lower rates of nitrogen fertilizer, and higher rates of potassium and mulching. The soluble solids of extra class fruits increased with the higher rates of mulching and fruits from second and third class increased with the high rates of phosphorus.
Carbohidrates and N in the shoot cork was not affected by the treatments, and only the starch percentage increased by the effect of the interaction of N, P and soil mulch. The spur formation was not affected this year by the treatments.
Downloads
References
Batjer, L.P. y B.L. Rogers. 1952. Fertilizer applications as related to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium utilization by apple trees. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 60:16.
Bould, C. 1970. The nutrition of fruit trees. En: Luckwill, L. C. y V. Cuttings (eds). Physiology of tree crops. Academic Press, London. p 223-234.
Gardner, V.R., F.Ch. Bradford, y H.D. Hooker, Jr. 1939. The fundamentals of fruit production. McGraw Hill, New York and London. 788 p.
Lilleland, O. y J.G. Brown. 1939. The phosphate nutrition of fruit trees. II.Continued response to phosphate applied at the time of planting. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.37:53-57.
Mason, J.L. 1969. Effect of cultivation and nitrogen levels on storage quality, yield and color grade of Starking Red Delicious apple grown under grass sod. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 94:78-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.94.1.78
Narro Farías, E. 1987. Física de Suelos con enfoque Agrícola. Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila.
Raese, J.T. 1986. Improved performance of bearing Delicious apple trees with nitrogen and phosphate fertilization in a low phosphorus soil. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 111(5):665-669. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.111.5.665
Robinson, J.B. 1986. Fruits, vines and nuts. En: Reuter, D.J. y J.B. Robinson (eds). Plant analysis: an interpretation manual. Inkata Press, Melbourne, Sidney. p. 120-146.
Skroch, W.A. y J.M. Shribbs. 1986. Orchard floor management: An overview. Hortscience 21(3):390-394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.21.3.390
Turrent F., A. 1978. El método gráfico estadístico para la interpretación de experimentos conducidos con la matriz Plan Puebla I. Chapingo, México. Rama de Suelos, Colegio de Posgraduados. 45 p.
White, G.C. y R.I.C. Holloway. 1967. The influence of simazine or a straw mulch on the establishment of apple trees in grassed down or cultivated soil. J. Hort. Sci. 42:377-389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221589.1967.11514222
Williams, M.W. y H.D. Billingsley. 1974. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield, size and color of Golden Delicious apple. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 99-(2):144- 145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.99.2.144
Williams, M.W. y A.H. Thompson. 1979. Effect of phosphorus, nitrogen and daminozide on growth and firt fruiting of dwarf apple trees. Hortscience 14(6):703-704. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.14.6.703
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
PLUMX Metrics
