Comparación de rendimiento económico, biológico e índice de cosecha en trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) bajo temporal

Abstract

In this research 17 genotypes of wheat with a broad spectrum of variability were evaluated under dry land conditions with the aim of comparing economic yield, biological yield, and harvest index among varieties and to study phenotypic correlations between different agronomic traits with harvest index. 

The analysis of variance indicated wide variability for economic yield, biologi cal yield, harvest index and the rest of the traits between genotypes. The varieties Romuma, Seri, Pavon and Junco produced higher values of 24.9, 24.7, 24.3 and 24.1% of harvest index respectively. In addition, these varieties expressed higher economic yield and lower biological yields. The lines PM5 and PM8 expressed the lowest values for harvest index and economic yield and produced the highest quantity of biomass. Gener ally the varieties with higher values of harvest index produced lower biological yields when compared to the group of varieties with lower harvest index, but expressed higher economic yield. A positive and significant correlation was found between economic yield and harvest index. Meanwhile, a negative and significant association was observed be tween harvest index and biological yield. Selection of genotypes based on higher values of harvest index could contribute to a higher economic yield in wheat under dryland conditions.