Formación de poblaciones de Chile (Capsicum annuum L.) para selección recurrente y caracterización mediante marcadores AFLP

Abstract

The genetic melioration of hot pepper has been performed by genealogical selection outlines, mass method, and descendants of a seed. However, attention has recently been paid to the selection sketches applied on alloga mous species, as is recurrent selection. The objectives of this assay were: a) forming populations of hot pepper with: serrano, jalapeno, guajillo, and poblano types, all of them with an ample genetic base profitable in a breeding program for recurrent selection and b) characterizing the genetic variation in populations of hot pepper obtained from several parents, by means of intra and inter racial crosses, obtained through AFLP markers. The used materials originated from 37 dialelic parent crosses bred at the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN ), in Saltillo, Coah., Mexico. The molecular analysis was accomplished at the Centro de Biotecnología Genómica (Genomic Biotechnology Center) at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Polytechnic National Institute) (CBG-IPN), in Reynosa, Tamps., Mexico. The results with four first AFLP combinations showed 64,9 % of polymorphism; this allowed the discrimination of the seven analyzed populations. Likewise, the diversity index ( ID ) to analyze the genetic variation of every population was determined, finding out that the population P AXGXJXS was the one with a higher ID (0,48). A dendrogram was obtained by the UPGMA method and some differences were found in the way the populations are grouped, therefore it is concluded that the formation of two or more racial types increments the genetic variability, and makes them appropriate to accomplish population melioration by recurrent selection, depending on the racial implicated types.