Polyembryony, Apomixis and Xenia Relationship in Polyembryonic Maize: Seedlings Evaluation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59741/agraria.v11i2.488Keywords:
Zea mays L., dwarf population of high polyembryony, apomixis, xeniaAbstract
Polyembryony (PE) is a condition frequently associated to other re production phenomena in angiosperms, as apomixis. Maize PE has been known for years, and it is usually inherited as a Mendelian trait. Several genotypes with high PE frequency (55 to 65%) have been gen erated by the Instituto Mexicano del Maíz “Dr. Mario E. Castro Gil” of the Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (imm-uaaan). This PE is associated to high levels of crude fat (30% average) and the amino acid lysine (40% average) compared to common maize. This report is only about agronomical characterizations, and the DNA studies will be published in advance. To follow the three traits relationship, a series of experiment was done. Based on the BAP population, several F1 proge nies [S1 and half sibs (HS)] were developed. As well as crosses among PE and not-polyembryonic (NPE) genotypes, being or nor genetically related were performed. The response variables were: percentage of germination (GER), polyembryony (PE) and abnormalities (ANOR). The S1 and HS polyembryony was 55 to 65%, as high as the BAP fre quency. However, the morphology evaluation of the S1 and HS lines was not conclusive about the PE – apomixis association. Nor was the agronomical evaluation about xenia effect on the progeny phenotype. However, in this study it was a validation of the recessivenes of this type of polyembryony as well as the incomplete penetrance associ ated to it in the imm-uaaan maize. All the genotypes provided leaf tis sue for DNA extraction which was kept under frozen control for further studies.
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